Among these terms were “ gleichgeschlechtlich ” (“same-sex oriented”) and “ homosexuell ” (“homosexual”). In addition to the older German slang phrase “ warmer Bruder ” (“warm brother”), some men described themselves using new words. It was in this context that some German men who were attracted to other men began to describe themselves using a new vocabulary. These efforts helped men connect with each other and form early networks and communities. In addition to joining such groups, men who were attracted to other men also began to socialize at bars and other meeting places. Eventually, individual campaigners began to organize together into groups dedicated to decriminalization. Political and social conditions in nineteenth-century Germany allowed people to publicly campaign for the decriminalization of sexual relations between men and the repeal of Paragraph 175.
It was enacted in 1871 following the unification of the German Empire and the codification of German law.
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Paragraph 175 was the statute of the German criminal code that banned sexual relations between men. Germany was at the forefront of this development, not least because of debates regarding Paragraph 175. At this time, the nature of human sexuality became an area of scientific investigation and debate in Europe and the United States. Gay Men in Germany, circa 1900Īlready in the mid- to late-nineteenth century, there were indications of nascent and growing gay communities in Germany. And gay Jewish men faced Nazi persecution and mass murder as Jews. For example, gay men active in anti-Nazi political movements risked being arrested as political opponents.
This diversity meant that gay men had a wide range of experiences in Nazi Germany. Among them were supposed racial identity, political attitudes, social class, and cultural expectations about how men and women should behave (i.e., gender norms). However, other factors also shaped gay men’s lives during the Nazi era.
Being gay could and often did result in persecution. Gay men in Germany were not a monolithic group, nor did the Nazi regime view them as such. However, the Nazi campaign against homosexuality and the regime’s zealous enforcement of Paragraph 175 made life in Nazi Germany dangerous for gay men. Identifying as a gay man was never explicitly criminalized in Germany. However, any man who had sexual relations with another man faced potential arrest in Nazi Germany, regardless of how he understood his own sexuality. It is important to note that not all of the men arrested and convicted under Paragraph 175 identified as gay. In some cases, this led to their imprisonment in concentration camps. Approximately fifty percent of these men were convicted. During the Nazi period, the police arrested about 100,000 men for allegedly violating this statute. They also arrested large numbers of gay men under Paragraph 175. It is unclear how many of these men publicly or privately identified as gay or were part of gay communities and networks that had been established in Germany before the Nazi rise to power.īeginning in 1933, the Nazi regime harassed and dismantled these communities. This campaign persecuted men who had sexual relations with other men. Douthit said the defendant also took the stand and denied many of the claims.The Nazi regime carried out a campaign against male homosexuality between 19. His forensic interview was also played for the jury, the prosecutor said. The child, who is now 13, testified in court. When he began speaking about what happened, his “horrified” mother drove to Huntsville and contacted police. The boy had been living with his mom in Georgia and was visiting his father in Hunstsville, Douthit said. He just though he could, for lack of better words, ‘straighten him out.’” “There was no evidence he had a sexual attraction to his son or children. “It was solely that (Cole) was worried that his son was gay or might become gay,” he told the site. During this time, and at his direction, Moore allegedly raped, sodomized, and touched the child inappropriately, according to Douthit.ĭouthit told AL.com there was no evidence the father had any sexual attraction to the child or to children. After that, Douthit said, the father “brought up, grabbed his girlfriend, and directed his own little porno.” Douthit said the dad did a lot of “demonstrating” on Moore and told the child to “do what I just did,” but never touched the child himself.